DISCOVER

By Zahid Ikram

The Concept of God in Islam and other Religions.

 There is No God, but Allah!
Muhammad (PBUH) is a Messenger of Allah.

 

Many people believe in god(s), but yet to find Allah...

 

سُوۡرَةُ الاٴنعَام
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيم

لَّا تُدۡرِڪُهُ ٱلۡأَبۡصَـٰرُ وَهُوَ يُدۡرِكُ ٱلۡأَبۡصَـٰرَ‌ۖ وَهُوَ ٱللَّطِيفُ ٱلۡخَبِيرُ (١٠٣)

[006:103]  No vision can grasp Him, but His grasp is over all vision: He is above all comprehension, yet is acquainted with all things.

(وہ ایسا ہے کہ) نگاہیں اس کا ادراک نہیں کرسکتیں اور وہ نگاہوں کا ادراک کرسکتا ہے اور وہ بھید جاننے والا خبردار ہے (۱۰۳)

 

 

Monotheism

Belief in a single God

Islamic belief:

سُوۡرَةُ الإخلاص
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

قُلۡ هُوَ ٱللَّهُ أَحَدٌ (١) ٱللَّهُ ٱلصَّمَدُ (٢) لَمۡ يَلِدۡ وَلَمۡ يُولَدۡ (٣) وَلَمۡ يَكُن لَّهُ ۥ ڪُفُوًا أَحَدُۢ (٤)

Al-Ikhlas 112:1-4
Say: He is Allah, the One! (1) Allah, the eternally Besought of all! (2) He begetteth not nor was begotten. (3) And there is none comparable unto Him. (4)

کہو کہ وہ (ذات پاک جس کا نام) الله (ہے) ایک ہے (۱) (وہ) معبود برحق جو بےنیاز ہے (۲) نہ کسی کا باپ ہے اور نہ کسی کا بیٹا (۳) اور کوئی اس کا ہمسر نہیں (۴)

سُوۡرَةُ البَقَرَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيم

وَإِلَـٰهُكُمۡ إِلَـٰهٌ۬ وَٲحِدٌ۬‌ۖ لَّآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ (١٦٣)

[002:163] And your God is One God: There is no god but He, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.

اور (لوگو) تمہارا معبود خدائے واحد ہے اس بڑے مہربان (اور) رحم کرنے کے سوا کوئی عبادت کے لائق نہیں (۱۶۳)

 

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ البَقَرَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلۡحَىُّ ٱلۡقَيُّومُ‌ۚ لَا تَأۡخُذُهُ ۥ سِنَةٌ۬ وَلَا نَوۡمٌ۬‌ۚ لَّهُ ۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۗ مَن ذَا ٱلَّذِى يَشۡفَعُ عِندَهُ ۥۤ إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِهِۦ‌ۚ يَعۡلَمُ مَا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُمۡ‌ۖ وَلَا يُحِيطُونَ بِشَىۡءٍ۬ مِّنۡ عِلۡمِهِۦۤ إِلَّا بِمَا شَآءَ‌ۚ وَسِعَ كُرۡسِيُّهُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ‌ۖ وَلَا يَـُٔودُهُ ۥ حِفۡظُهُمَا‌ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَلِىُّ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ (٢٥٥)

[002:255] God! There is no god but He,-the Living, the Self-subsisting, Eternal. No slumber can seize Him nor sleep. His are all things in the heavens and on earth. Who is there can intercede in His presence except as He permitteth? He knoweth what (appeareth to His creatures as) before or after or behind them. Nor shall they compass aught of His knowledge except as He willeth. His Throne doth extend over the heavens and the earth, and He feeleth no fatigue in guarding and preserving them for He is the Most High, the Supreme (in glory).

 

خدا (وہ معبود برحق ہے کہ) اس کے سوا کوئی عبادت کے لائق نہیں زندہ ہمیشہ رہنے والا اسے نہ اونگھ آتی ہے نہ نیند جو کچھ آسمانوں میں اور جو کچھ زمین میں ہیں سب اسی کا ہے کون ہے جو اس کی اجازت کے بغیر اس سے (کسی کی) سفارش کر سکے جو کچھ لوگوں کے روبرو ہو رہا ہے اور جو کچھ ان کے پیچھے ہوچکا ہے اسے سب معلوم ہے اور وہ اس کی معلومات میں سے کسی چیز پر دسترس حاصل نہیں کر سکتے ہاں جس قدر وہ چاہتا ہے (اسی قدر معلوم کرا دیتا ہے) اس کی بادشاہی (اور علم) آسمان اور زمین سب پر حاوی ہے اور اسے ان کی حفاظت کچھ بھی دشوار نہیں وہ بڑا عالی رتبہ اور جلیل القدر ہے (۲۵۵)

 

 

Why No other gods, but Allah?

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ بنیٓ اسرآئیل / الإسرَاء
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
قُل لَّوۡ كَانَ مَعَهُ ۥۤ ءَالِهَةٌ۬ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ إِذً۬ا لَّٱبۡتَغَوۡاْ إِلَىٰ ذِى ٱلۡعَرۡشِ سَبِيلاً۬ (٤٢)

[017:042] Say: If there had been (other) gods with Him, as they say,- behold, they would certainly have sought out a way to the Lord of the Throne!

کہہ دو کہ اگر خدا کے ساتھ اور معبود ہوتے جیسا کہ یہ کہتے ہیں تو وہ ضرور (خدائے) مالک عرش کی طرف (لڑنے بھڑنے کے لئے) رستہ نکالتے (۴۲)

 

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ الاٴنبیَاء
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 لَوۡ كَانَ فِيہِمَآ ءَالِهَةٌ إِلَّا ٱللَّهُ لَفَسَدَتَا‌ۚ فَسُبۡحَـٰنَ ٱللَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَرۡشِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ (٢٢)

[021:022] If there were, in the heavens and the earth, other gods besides God, there would have been confusion in both! but glory to God, the Lord of the Throne: (High is He) above what they attribute to Him!

اگر آسمان اور زمین میں خدا کے سوا اور معبود ہوتے تو زمین وآسمان درہم برہم ہوجاتے۔ جو باتیں یہ لوگ بتاتے ہیں خدائے مالک عرش ان سے پاک ہے (۲۲)

 

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ المؤمنون
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

مَا ٱتَّخَذَ ٱللَّهُ مِن وَلَدٍ۬ وَمَا ڪَانَ مَعَهُ ۥ مِنۡ إِلَـٰهٍ‌ۚ إِذً۬ا لَّذَهَبَ كُلُّ إِلَـٰهِۭ بِمَا خَلَقَ وَلَعَلَا بَعۡضُهُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ۬‌ۚ سُبۡحَـٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ (٩١)

[023:091] No son did God beget, nor is there any god along with Him: (if there were many gods), behold, each god would have taken away what he had created, and some would have lorded it over others! Glory to God! (He is free) from the (sort of) things they attribute to Him!

خدا نے نہ تو (اپنا) کسی کو بیٹا بنایا ہے اور نہ اس کے ساتھ کوئی معبود ہے، ایسا ہوتا تو ہر معبود اپنی اپنی مخلوقات کو لے کر چل دیتا اور ایک دوسرے پر غالب آجاتا۔ یہ لوگ جو کچھ خدا کے بارے میں بیان کرتے ہیں خدا اس سے پاک ہے (۹۱)
 

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ سَبَإ
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 قُلِ ٱدۡعُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ زَعَمۡتُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِۖ لَا يَمۡلِڪُونَ مِثۡقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ۬ فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَلَا فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا لَهُمۡ فِيهِمَا مِن شِرۡكٍ۬ وَمَا لَهُ ۥ مِنۡہُم مِّن ظَهِيرٍ۬ (٢٢)

[034:022] Say: "Call upon other (gods) whom ye fancy, besides God: They have no power,- not the weight of an atom,- in the heavens or on earth: No (sort of) share have they therein, nor is any of them a helper to God.

کہہ دو کہ جن کو تم خدا کے سوا (معبود) خیال کرتے ہو ان کو بلاؤ۔ وہ آسمانوں اور زمین میں ذرہ بھر چیز کے بھی مالک نہیں ہیں اور نہ ان میں ان کی شرکت ہے اور نہ ان میں سے کوئی خدا کا مددگار ہے (۲۲)

 

 

Pantheism

The doctrine or belief that God is the universe and its phenomena (taken or conceived of as a whole) or the doctrine that regards the universe as a manifestation of God.

Islamic belief:

 

سُوۡرَةُ النُّور
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 ٱللَّهُ نُورُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۚ 

24:35 Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth...

 

 خدا آسمانوں اور زمین کا نور ہے۔

 

In Islam, Allah is the Light (energy) of the heavens and the earth... but universe is not God.

For Example: There was a Tree; a carpenter cut it into pieces of wood. From that wood he made chair, table, cabinet, door, window, floor tiles and statue.

Anyone who is looking at these objects made by wood from a Tree will see them as chair, table, cabinet, door, window, floor tiles and statue but not as a Tree; even no one will call these objects a Tree. Infect all these objects transformed from the Tree.

Similarly, the God transform this universe from his energy, He is all around us in every atom and every object of universe in the form of energy but we do not see or define it as God but the creation of God. He created Universe from his will.

 

سُوۡرَةُ البَقَرَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 بَدِيعُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۖ وَإِذَا قَضَىٰٓ أَمۡرً۬ا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ ۥ كُن فَيَكُونُ (١١٧)
[002:117] To Him is due the primal origin of the heavens and the earth: When He decreeth a matter, He saith to it: "Be," and it is.

(وہی) آسمانوں اور زمین کا پیدا کرنے والاہے۔ جب کوئی کام کرنا چاہتا ہے تو اس کو ارشاد فرما دیتا ہے کہ ہوجا تو وہ ہو جاتا ہے (۱۱۷)

 

Monotheists

Monotheists hold that there is only one God, and may claim that the One True God is worshiped in different religions under different names.

Islamic belief:

 

سُوۡرَةُ الاٴعرَاف
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ فَٱدۡعُوهُ بِہَا‌ۖ وَذَرُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يُلۡحِدُونَ فِىٓ أَسۡمَـٰٓٮِٕهِۦ‌ۚ سَيُجۡزَوۡنَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ (١٨٠)

[007:180] The most beautiful names belong to God: so call on him by them; but shun such men as use profanity in his names: for what they do, they will soon be requited.

اور خدا کے سب نام اچھے ہی اچھے ہیں۔ تو اس کو اس کے ناموں سے پکارا کرو اور جو لوگ اس کے ناموں میں کجی اختیار کرتے ہیں ان کو چھوڑ دو۔ وہ جو کچھ کر رہے ہیں عنقریب اس کی سزا پائیں گے (۱۸۰)

 

سُوۡرَةُ بنیٓ اسرآئیل / الإسرَاء
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 قُلِ ٱدۡعُواْ ٱللَّهَ أَوِ ٱدۡعُواْ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنَ‌ۖ أَيًّ۬ا مَّا تَدۡعُواْ فَلَهُ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ‌ۚ وَلَا تَجۡهَرۡ بِصَلَاتِكَ وَلَا تُخَافِتۡ بِہَا وَٱبۡتَغِ بَيۡنَ ذَٲلِكَ سَبِيلاً۬ (١١٠)

[017:110] Say: "Call upon God, or call upon Rahman: by whatever name ye call upon Him, (it is well): for to Him belong the Most Beautiful Names. Neither speak thy Prayer aloud, nor speak it in a low tone, but seek a middle course between."

 کہہ دو کہ تم (خدا کو) الله (کے نام سے) پکارو یا رحمٰن (کے نام سے) جس نام سے پکارو اس کے سب اچھے نام ہیں۔ اور نماز نہ بلند آواز سے پڑھو اور نہ آہستہ بلکہ اس کے بیچ کا طریقہ اختیار کرو (۱۱۰)

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ طٰه
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ‌ۖ لَهُ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ (٨)

[020:008] God! there is no god but He! To Him belong the most Beautiful Names.

(وہ معبود برحق ہے کہ) اس کے سوا کوئی معبود نہیں ہے۔ اس کے (سب) نام اچھے ہیں (۸)

 

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ الحَشر
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡخَـٰلِقُ ٱلۡبَارِئُ ٱلۡمُصَوِّرُ‌ۖ لَهُ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ‌ۚ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ ۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ (٢٤)

[059:024] He is God, the Creator, the Evolver, the Bestower of Forms (or Colours). To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names: whatever is in the heavens and on earth, doth declare His Praises and Glory: and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.

وہی خدا (تمام مخلوقات کا) خالق۔ ایجاد واختراع کرنے والا صورتیں بنانے والا اس کے سب اچھے سے اچھے نام ہیں۔ جتنی چیزیں آسمانوں اور زمین میں ہیں سب اس کی تسبیح کرتی ہیں اور وہ غالب حکمت والا ہے (۲۴)
 

 

The view that all theists actually worship the same God (Allah), whether they know it or not, is especially emphasized in Hinduism and Sikhism with certain Vaishnava views being that Krishna as svayam bhagavan is a true form. Adherents of different religions, however, generally disagree as to how to best worship God and what is God's plan for mankind, if there is one. There are different approaches to reconciling the contradictory claims of monotheistic religions. One view is taken by exclusivists, who believe they are the chosen people or have exclusive access to absolute truth, generally through revelation or encounter with the Divine, which adherents of other religions do not.

Islamic belief:

 

سُوۡرَةُ البَقَرَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ وَٱلنَّصَـٰرَىٰ وَٱلصَّـٰبِـِٔينَ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأَخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَـٰلِحً۬ا فَلَهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡہِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ (٦٢)

 

Lo! Those who believe (in that which is revealed unto thee, Muhammad), and those who are Jews, and Christians, and Sabaeans - whoever believeth in Allah and the Last Day and doeth right - surely their reward is with their Lord, and there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve. (62)

 

جو لوگ مسلمان ہیں یا یہودی یا عیسائی یا ستارہ پرست، (یعنی کوئی شخص کسی قوم و مذہب کا ہو)
 جو خدا اور روز قیامت پر ایمان لائے گا، اور نیک عمل کرے گا،
 تو ایسے لوگوں کو ان (کے اعمال) کا صلہ خدا کے ہاں ملے گا
 اور (قیامت کے دن) ان کو نہ کسی طرح کا خوف ہوگا اور نہ وہ غم ناک ہوں گے (۶۲)

 

Another view is religious pluralism

A pluralist typically believes that his religion is the right one, but does not deny the partial truth of other religions. An example of a pluralist view in Christianity is supersessionism, i.e., the belief that one's religion is the fulfillment of previous religions. 

Islamic belief:

سُوۡرَةُ البَقَرَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

لَآ إِكۡرَاهَ فِى ٱلدِّينِ‌ۖ قَد تَّبَيَّنَ ٱلرُّشۡدُ مِنَ ٱلۡغَىِّ‌ۚ فَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱلطَّـٰغُوتِ وَيُؤۡمِنۢ بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدِ ٱسۡتَمۡسَكَ بِٱلۡعُرۡوَةِ ٱلۡوُثۡقَىٰ لَا ٱنفِصَامَ لَهَا‌ۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ (٢٥٦) قُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَىٰٓ إِبۡرَٲهِـۧمَ وَإِسۡمَـٰعِيلَ وَإِسۡحَـٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ وَٱلۡأَسۡبَاطِ وَمَآ أُوتِىَ مُوسَىٰ وَعِيسَىٰ وَمَآ أُوتِىَ ٱلنَّبِيُّونَ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيۡنَ أَحَدٍ۬ مِّنۡهُمۡ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُ ۥ مُسۡلِمُونَ (١٣٦)

 

ءَامَنَ ٱلرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ‌ۚ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَـٰٓٮِٕكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيۡنَ أَحَدٍ۬ مِّن رُّسُلِهِۦ‌ۚ وَقَالُواْ سَمِعۡنَا وَأَطَعۡنَا‌ۖ غُفۡرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيۡكَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ (٢٨٥)

 

 

[002:256] Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from Error: whoever rejects evil and believes in God hath grasped the most trustworthy hand- hold, that never breaks. And God heareth and knoweth all things.

 

[002:136] Say ye: "We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to Moses and Jesus, and that given to (all) prophets from their Lord: We make no difference between one and another of them:

 

[002:285] The Apostle believeth in what hath been revealed to him from his Lord, as do the men of faith. Each one (of them) believeth in God, His angels, His books, and His apostles. "We make no distinction (they say) between one and another of His apostles." And they say: "We hear, and we obey: (We seek) Thy forgiveness, our Lord, and to Thee is the end of all journeys."

 

دین (اسلام) میں زبردستی نہیں ہے ہدایت (صاف طور پر ظاہر اور) گمراہی سے الگ ہو چکی ہے تو جو شخص بتوں سے اعتقاد نہ رکھے اور خدا پر ایمان لائے اس نے ایسی مضبوط رسی ہاتھ میں پکڑ لی ہے جو کبھی ٹوٹنے والی نہیں اور خدا (سب کچھ) سنتا اور (سب کچھ) جانتا ہے (۲۵۶)

 

(مسلمانو) کہو کہ ہم خدا پر ایمان لائے اور جو (کتاب) ہم پر اتری، اس پر اور جو (صحیفے) ابراہیم اور اسمٰعیل اور

اسحاق اور یعقوب اور ان کی اولاد پر نازل ہوئے ان پر اور جو (کتابیں) موسیٰ اور عیسی کو عطا ہوئیں، ان پر، اور جو اور پیغمبروں کو ان کے پروردگار کی طرف سے ملیں، ان پر (سب پر ایمان لائے) ہم ان پیغمروں میں سے کسی میں کچھ فرق نہیں کرتے اور ہم اسی (خدائے واحد) کے فرمانبردار ہیں (۱۳۶)

رسول (خدا) اس کتاب پر جو ان کے پروردگار کی طرف سے ان پر نازل ہوئی ایمان رکھتے ہیں اور مومن بھی۔ سب خدا پر اور اس کے فرشتوں پر اور اس کی کتابوں پر اور اس کے پیغمبروں پر ایمان رکھتے ہیں (اورکہتے ہیں کہ) ہم اس کے پیغمبروں سے کسی میں کچھ فرق نہیں کرتے اور وہ (خدا سے) عرض کرتے ہیں کہ ہم نے (تیرا حکم) سنا اور قبول کیا۔ اے پروردگار ہم تیری بخشش مانگتے ہیں اور تیری ہی طرف لوٹ کر جانا ہے (۲۸۵)

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ آل عِمرَان
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 قُلۡ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيۡنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَىٰٓ إِبۡرَٲهِيمَ وَإِسۡمَـٰعِيلَ وَإِسۡحَـٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ وَٱلۡأَسۡبَاطِ وَمَآ أُوتِىَ مُوسَىٰ وَعِيسَىٰ وَٱلنَّبِيُّونَ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيۡنَ أَحَدٍ۬ مِّنۡهُمۡ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُ ۥ مُسۡلِمُونَ (٨٤)

[003:084] Say: "We believe in God, and in what has been revealed to us and what was revealed to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and in (the Books) given to Moses, Jesus, and the prophets, from their Lord: We make no distinction between one and another among them, and to God do we bow our will (in Islam)."

کہو کہ ہم خدا پر ایمان لائے اور جو کتاب ہم پر نازل ہوئی اور جو صحیفے ابراہیم اور اسماعیل اور اسحٰق اور یعقوب اور ان کی اولاد پر اترے اور جو کتابیں موسیٰ اور عیسیٰ اور دوسرے انبیاء کو پروردگار کی طرف سے ملیں سب پر ایمان لائے ہم ان پیغمبروں میں سے کسی میں کچھ فرق نہیں کرتے اور ہم اسی (خدائے واحد) کے فرماں بردار ہیں (۸۴)

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ النِّسَاء
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ ءَامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ ٱلَّذِى نَزَّلَ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلۡڪِتَـٰبِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلَ مِن قَبۡلُ‌ۚ وَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَـٰٓٮِٕكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأَخِرِ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ ضَلَـٰلاَۢ بَعِيدًا (١٣٦)

[004:136] O ye who believe! Believe in God and His Apostle, and the scripture which He hath sent to His Apostle and the scripture which He sent to those before (him). Any who denieth God, His angels, His Books, His Apostles, and the Day of Judgment, hath gone far,

مومنو! خدا پر اور اس کے رسول پر اور جو کتاب اس نے اپنی پیغمبر (آخرالزماں) پر نازل کی ہے اور جو کتابیں اس سے پہلے نازل کی تھیں سب پر ایمان لاؤ۔ اور جو شخص خدا اور اس کے فرشتوں اور اس کی کتابوں اور اس کے پیغمبروں اور روزقیامت سے انکار کرے وہ رستے سے بھٹک کر دور جا پڑا (۱۳۶)

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ النّحل
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

بِٱلۡبَيِّنَـٰتِ وَٱلزُّبُرِ‌ۗ وَأَنزَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ ٱلذِّڪۡرَ لِتُبَيِّنَ لِلنَّاسِ مَا نُزِّلَ إِلَيۡہِمۡ وَلَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ (٤٤)

[016:044] (We sent them) with Clear Signs and Books of dark prophecies; and We have sent down unto thee (also) the Message; that thou mayest explain clearly to men what is sent for them, and that they may give thought.

(اور ان پیغمبروں کو) دلیلیں اور کتابیں دے کر (بھیجا تھا) اور ہم نے تم پر بھی یہ کتاب نازل کی ہے تاکہ جو (ارشادات) لوگوں پر نازل ہوئے ہیں وہ ان پر ظاہر کردو اور تاکہ وہ غور کریں (۴۴)
 

 

سُوۡرَةُ طٰه
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 وَقَالُواْ لَوۡلَا يَأۡتِينَا بِـَٔايَةٍ۬ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦۤ‌ۚ أَوَلَمۡ تَأۡتِہِم بَيِّنَةُ مَا فِى ٱلصُّحُفِ ٱلۡأُولَىٰ (١٣٣)

[020:133] They say: "Why does he not bring us a sign from his Lord?" Has not a Clear Sign come to them of all that was in the former Books of revelation?

اور کہتے ہیں کہ یہ (پیغمبر) اپنے پروردگار کی طرف سے ہمارے پاس کوئی نشانی کیوں نہیں لاتے۔ کیا ان کے پاس پہلی کتابوں کی نشانی نہیں آئی؟ (۱۳۳)

 

 

 

A third approach is relativistic inclusivism, where everybody is seen as equally right; an example in Christianity is universalism: the doctrine that salvation is eventually available for everyone.

 

Islamic belief:

 

سُوۡرَةُ البَقَرَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيم

وَقَالُواْ ڪُونُواْ هُودًا أَوۡ نَصَـٰرَىٰ تَہۡتَدُواْ‌ۗ قُلۡ بَلۡ مِلَّةَ إِبۡرَٲهِـۧمَ حَنِيفً۬ا‌ۖ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ (١٣٥)

[002:135] They say: "Become Jews or Christians if ye would be guided (To salvation)." Say thou: "Nay! (I would rather) the Religion of Abraham the True, and he joined not gods with God."

اور (یہودی اور عیسائی) کہتے ہیں کہ یہودی یا عیسائی ہو جاؤ تو سیدھے رستے پر لگ جاؤ۔ (اے پیغمبر ان سے) کہہ دو، (نہیں) بلکہ (ہم) دین ابراہیم (اختیار کئے ہوئے ہیں) جو ایک خدا کے ہو رہے تھے اور مشرکوں میں سے نہ تھے (۱۳۵)

سُوۡرَةُ آل عِمرَان
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
 ٱلَّذِينَ يَذۡكُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ قِيَـٰمً۬ا وَقُعُودً۬ا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِهِمۡ وَيَتَفَڪَّرُونَ فِى خَلۡقِ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَبَّنَا مَا خَلَقۡتَ هَـٰذَا بَـٰطِلاً۬ سُبۡحَـٰنَكَ فَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ (١٩١)

[003:191] Men who celebrate the praises of God, standing, sitting, and lying down on their sides, and contemplate the (wonders of) creation in the heavens and the earth, (With the thought): "Our Lord! not for naught Hast Thou created (all) this! Glory to Thee! Give us salvation from the penalty of the Fire.

جو کھڑے اور بیٹھے اور لیٹے (ہر حال میں) خدا کو یاد کرتے اور آسمان اور زمین کی پیدائش میں غور کرتے (اور کہتے ہیں) کہ اے پروردگار! تو نے اس (مخلوق) کو بے فائدہ نہیں پیدا کیا تو پاک ہے تو (قیامت کے دن) ہمیں دوزخ کے عذاب سے بچائیو (۱۹۱)
 

سُوۡرَةُ المَائدة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
قَالَ ٱللَّهُ هَـٰذَا يَوۡمُ يَنفَعُ ٱلصَّـٰدِقِينَ صِدۡقُهُمۡ‌ۚ لَهُمۡ جَنَّـٰتٌ۬ تَجۡرِى مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَـٰرُ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيہَآ أَبَدً۬ا‌ۚ رَّضِىَ ٱللَّهُ عَنۡہُمۡ وَرَضُواْ عَنۡهُ‌ۚ ذَٲلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ (١١٩)

[005:119] God will say: "This is a day on which the truthful will profit from their truth: theirs are gardens, with rivers flowing beneath,- their eternal Home: God well-pleased with them, and they with God: That is the great salvation, (the fulfillment of all desires).

خدا فرمائے گا کہ آج وہ دن ہے کہ راست بازوں کو ان کی سچائی ہی فائدہ دے گی ان کے لئے باغ ہیں جن کے نیچے نہریں بہہ رہی ہیں ابدالآباد ان میں بستے رہیں گے خدا ان سے خوش ہے اور وہ خدا سے خوش ہیں یہ بڑی کامیابی ہے (۱۱۹)

سُوۡرَةُ الاٴنعَام
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 مَّن يُصۡرَفۡ عَنۡهُ يَوۡمَٮِٕذٍ۬ فَقَدۡ رَحِمَهُ ۥ‌ۚ وَذَٲلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡمُبِينُ (١٦)
وَإِن يَمۡسَسۡكَ ٱللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ۬ فَلَا ڪَاشِفَ لَهُ ۥۤ إِلَّا هُوَ‌ۖ وَإِن يَمۡسَسۡكَ بِخَيۡرٍ۬ فَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ قَدِيرٌ۬ (١٧)

[006:016] "On that day, if the penalty is averted from any, it is due to God's mercy; And that would be (Salvation), the obvious fulfillment of all desire. (16) If Allah touch thee with affliction, there is none that can relieve there from save Him, and if He touch thee with good fortune (there is none that can impair it); for He is Able to do all things. (17)

جس شخص سے اس روز عذاب ٹال دیا گیا اس پر خدا نے (بڑی) مہربانی فرمائی اور یہ کھلی کامیابی ہے (۱۶) اور اگر خدا تم کو کوئی سختی پہنچائے تو اس کے سوا اس کو کوئی دور کرنے والا نہیں اور اگر نعمت (وراحت) عطا کرے تو (کوئی اس کو روکنے والا نہیں) وہ ہر چیز پر قادر ہے (۱۷)

سُوۡرَةُ التّوبَة

ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَـٰهَدُواْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَٲلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِہِمۡ أَعۡظَمُ دَرَجَةً عِندَ ٱللَّهِ‌ۚ وَأُوْلَـٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَآٮِٕزُونَ (٢٠)

[009:020] Those who believe, and suffer exile and strive with might and main, in God's cause, with their goods and their persons, have the highest rank in the sight of God: they are the people who will achieve (salvation).

جو لوگ ایمان لائے اور وطن چھوڑ گئے اور خدا کی راہ میں مال اور جان سے جہاد کرتے رہے۔ خدا کے ہاں ان کے درجے بہت بڑے ہیں۔ اور وہی مراد کو پہنچنے والے ہیں (۲۰)

سُوۡرَةُ المؤمنون
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

فَمَن ثَقُلَتۡ مَوَٲزِينُهُ ۥ فَأُوْلَـٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ (١٠٢)

[023:102] Then those whose balance (of good deeds) is heavy,- they will attain salvation:

تو جن کے (عملوں کے) بوجھ بھاری ہوں گے۔ وہ فلاح پانے والے ہیں (۱۰۲)

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ القَصَص
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
فَأَمَّا مَن تَابَ وَءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَـٰلِحً۬ا فَعَسَىٰٓ أَن يَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحِينَ (٦٧)
[028:067] But any that (in this life) had repented, believed, and worked righteousness, will have hopes to be among those who achieve salvation.

لیکن جس نے توبہ کی اور ایمان لایا اور عمل نیک کئے تو اُمید ہے کہ وہ نجات پانے والوں میں ہو (۶۷)

 

سُوۡرَةُ الزُّمَر
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَيُنَجِّى ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوۡاْ بِمَفَازَتِهِمۡ لَا يَمَسُّهُمُ ٱلسُّوٓءُ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ (٦١)
[039:061] But God will deliver the righteous to their place of salvation: no evil shall touch them, nor shall they grieve.

(۶۰) اور جو پرہیزگار ہیں ان کی (سعادت اور) کامیابی کے سبب خدا ان کو نجات دے گا نہ تو ان کو کوئی سختی پہنچے گی اور نہ غمناک ہوں گے (۶۱)

سُوۡرَةُ البُرُوج
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ لَهُمۡ جَنَّـٰتٌ۬ تَجۡرِى مِن تَحۡتِہَا ٱلۡأَنۡہَـٰرُ‌ۚ ذَٲلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡكَبِيرُ (١١)
[085:011] For those who believe and do righteous deeds, will be Gardens; beneath which rivers flow: That is the great Salvation, (the fulfillment of all desires),

(اور) جو لوگ ایمان لائے اور نیک کام کرتے رہے ان کے لیے باغات ہیں جن کے نیچے نہریں بہہ رہی ہیں۔ یہ ہی بڑی کامیابی ہے (۱۱)

Straight Way صِّرَٲطَ ٱلۡمُسۡتَقِيمَ    to Salvation

 

[001:006] Show us the straight way,

[004:068] And We should have shown them the Straight Way.

[004:175] Then those who believe in God, and hold fast to Him,- soon will He admit them to mercy and grace from Himself, and guide them to Himself by a straight way.

[006:087] (To them) and to their fathers, and progeny and brethren: We chose them, and we guided them to a straight way.

[016:076] God sets forth (another) Parable of two men: one of them dumb, with no power of any sort; a wearisome burden is he to his master; whichever way be directs him, he brings no good: is such a man equal with one who commands Justice, and is on a Straight Way?

[016:121] He showed his gratitude for the favors of God, who chose him, and guided him to a Straight Way.

[022:054] And that those on whom knowledge has been bestowed may learn that the (Quran) is the Truth from thy Lord, and that they may believe therein, and their hearts may be made humbly (open) to it: for verily God is the Guide of those who believe, to the Straight Way.

[023:073] But verily thou callest them to the Straight Way;

[036:004] On a Straight Way.
[036:061] "And that ye should worship Me, (for that) this was the Straight Way?

[037:118] And We guided them to the Straight Way.

[042:052] And thus have We, by Our Command, sent inspiration to thee: thou knewest not (before) what was Revelation, and what was Faith; but We have made the (Quran) a Light, wherewith We guide such of Our servants as We will; and verily thou dost guide (men) to the Straight Way,-

[043:043] So hold thou fast to the Revelation sent down to thee; verily thou art on a Straight Way.

[043:061] And (Jesus) shall be a Sign (for the coming of) the Hour (of Judgment): therefore have no doubt about the (Hour), but follow ye Me: this is a Straight Way.

[043:064] "For God, He is my Lord and your Lord: so worship ye Him: this is a Straight Way."

[048:002] That God may forgive thee thy faults of the past and those to follow; fulfil His favour to thee; and guide thee on the Straight Way;

[067:022] Is then one who walks headlong, with his face grovelling, better guided,- or one who walks evenly on a Straight Way?

 

A fourth approach is syncretism, mixing different elements from different religion. An example of syncretism is the New Age Movement.

 

Islamic belief:

 

سُوۡرَةُ البَقَرَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يَتَّخِذُ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَندَادً۬ا يُحِبُّونَہُمۡ كَحُبِّ ٱللَّهِ‌ۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَشَدُّ حُبًّ۬ا لِّلَّهِ‌ۗ وَلَوۡ يَرَى ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوٓاْ إِذۡ يَرَوۡنَ ٱلۡعَذَابَ أَنَّ ٱلۡقُوَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعً۬ا وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعَذَابِ (١٦٥)

[002:165] Yet there are men who take (for worship) others besides Allah, as equal (with Allah): They love them as they should love Allah. But those of Faith are overflowing in their love for Allah. If only the unrighteous could see, behold, they would see the penalty: that to Allah belongs all power, and Allah will strongly enforce the penalty.

اور بعض لوگ ایسے ہیں جو غیر خدا کو شریک (خدا) بناتے اور ان سے خدا کی سی محبت کرتے ہیں۔ لیکن جو ایمان والے ہیں وہ تو خدا ہی کے سب سے زیادہ دوستدار ہیں۔ اور اے کاش ظالم لوگ جو بات عذاب کے وقت دیکھیں گے اب دیکھ لیتے کہ سب طرح کی طاقت خدا ہی کو ہے۔ اور یہ کہ خدا سخت عذاب کرنے والا ہے (۱۶۵)

 

سُوۡرَةُ الکافِرون
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
قُلۡ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلۡڪَـٰفِرُونَ (١) لَآ أَعۡبُدُ مَا تَعۡبُدُونَ (٢) وَلَآ أَنتُمۡ عَـٰبِدُونَ مَآ أَعۡبُدُ (٣)
 وَلَآ أَنَا۟ عَابِدٌ۬ مَّا عَبَدتُّمۡ (٤) وَلَآ أَنتُمۡ عَـٰبِدُونَ مَآ أَعۡبُدُ (٥) لَكُمۡ دِينُكُمۡ وَلِىَ دِينِ (٦)

[109:1-6] Say: O disbelievers! (1) I worship not that which ye worship; (2) Nor worship ye that which I worship. (3) And I shall not worship that which ye worship. (4) Nor will ye worship that which I worship. (5) Unto you your religion, and unto me my religion. (6)

کہہ دو کہ اے کافرو! (۱) جن (بتوں) کو تم پوچتے ہو ان کو میں نہیں پوجتا (۲) اور جس (خدا) کی میں عبادت کرتا ہوں اس کی تم عبادت نہیں کرتے (۳) اور( میں پھر کہتا ہوں کہ) جن کی تم پرستش کرتے ہوں ان کی میں پرستش کرنے والا نہیں ہوں (۴) اور نہ تم اس کی بندگی کرنے والے (معلوم ہوتے) ہو جس کی میں بندگی کرتا ہوں (۵) تم اپنے دین پر میں اپنے دین پر (۶)

 

سُوۡرَةُ الاٴنعَام
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

قُلۡ أَنَدۡعُواْ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنفَعُنَا وَلَا يَضُرُّنَا وَنُرَدُّ عَلَىٰٓ أَعۡقَابِنَا بَعۡدَ إِذۡ هَدَٮٰنَا ٱللَّهُ كَٱلَّذِى ٱسۡتَهۡوَتۡهُ ٱلشَّيَـٰطِينُ فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ حَيۡرَانَ لَهُ ۥۤ أَصۡحَـٰبٌ۬ يَدۡعُونَهُ ۥۤ إِلَى ٱلۡهُدَى ٱئۡتِنَا‌ۗ قُلۡ إِنَّ هُدَى ٱللَّهِ هُوَ ٱلۡهُدَىٰ‌ۖ وَأُمِرۡنَا لِنُسۡلِمَ لِرَبِّ ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِينَ (٧١)

[006:071] Say: "Shall we indeed call on others besides God,- things that can do us neither good nor harm,- and turn on our heels after receiving guidance from God? - like one whom the evil ones have made into a fool, wandering bewildered through the earth, his friends calling, come to us', (vainly) guiding him to the path." Say: "God's guidance is the (only) guidance, and we have been directed to submit ourselves to the Lord of the worlds;-

کہو۔ کیا ہم خدا کے سوا ایسی چیز کو پکاریں جو نہ ہمارا بھلا کرسکے نہ برا۔ اور جب ہم کو خدا نے سیدھا رستہ دکھا دیا تو (کیا) ہم الٹے پاؤں پھر جائیں؟ (پھر ہماری ایسی مثال ہو) جیسے کسی کو جنات نے جنگل میں بھلا دیا ہو (اور وہ) حیران (ہو رہا ہو) اور اس کے کچھ رفیق ہوں جو اس کو رستے کی طرف بلائیں کہ ہمارے پاس چلا آ۔ کہہ دو کہ رستہ تو وہی ہے جو خدا نے بتایا ہے۔ اور ہمیں تو یہ حکم ملا ہے کہ ہم خدائے رب العالمین کے فرمانبردار ہوں (۷۱)

 

سُوۡرَةُ النَّمل
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَصَدَّهَا مَا كَانَت تَّعۡبُدُ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ‌ۖ إِنَّہَا كَانَتۡ مِن قَوۡمٍ۬ كَـٰفِرِينَ (٤٣)

[027:043] And he diverted her from the worship of others besides God: for she was (sprung) of a people that had no faith.

اور وہ جو خدا کے سوا (اور کی) پرستش کرتی تھی، سلیمان نے اس کو اس سے منع کیا (اس سے پہلے تو) وہ کافروں میں سے تھی (۴۳)

 

سُوۡرَةُ الرُّوم
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

قُلۡ سِيرُواْ فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَـٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلُ‌ۚ كَانَ أَڪۡثَرُهُم مُّشۡرِكِينَ (٤٢)
[030:042] Say: "Travel through the earth and see what was the end of those before (you): Most of them worshipped others besides God."

کہہ دو کہ ملک میں چلو پھرو اور دیکھو کہ جو لوگ( تم سے) پہلے ہوئے ہیں ان کا کیسا انجام ہوا ہے۔ ان میں زیادہ تر مشرک ہی تھے (۴۲)

سُوۡرَةُ الزُّمَر
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيم

أَمِ ٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ شُفَعَآءَ‌ۚ قُلۡ أَوَلَوۡ ڪَانُواْ لَا يَمۡلِكُونَ شَيۡـًٔ۬ا وَلَا يَعۡقِلُونَ (٤٣) ِ
[039:043] What! Do they take for intercessors others besides God? Say: "Even if they have no power whatever and no intelligence?"

کیا انہوں نے خدا کے سوا اور سفارشی بنالئے ہیں۔ کہو کہ خواہ وہ کسی چیز کا بھی اختیار نہ رکھتے ہوں اور نہ (کچھ) سمجھتے ہی ہوں (۴۳)

Pantheism (worship that admits or tolerates all gods) holds that God is the universe and the universe is God. Pantheism holds that God contains, but is not identical to, the Universe. The distinctions between the two are subtle, and some consider them unhelpful. It is also the view of the Liberal Catholic Church, Theosophy, Hinduism, Sikhism, some divisions of Buddhism, some divisions of Neopaganism and Taoism, along with many varying denominations and individuals within denominations.

 

Islamic belief:

 

[003:067] Abraham was not a Jew nor yet a Christian; but he was true in Faith, and bowed his will to God's (Which is Islam), and he joined not gods with God.

[003:186] Ye shall certainly be tried and tested in your possessions and in your personal selves; and ye shall certainly Hear much that will grieve you, from those who received the Book before you and from those who worship many gods. But if ye persevere patiently, and guard against evil,-then that will be a determining factor in all affairs.

[004:116] God forgiveth not (The sin of) joining other gods with Him; but He forgiveth whom He pleaseth other sins than this: one who joins other gods with God, Hath strayed far, far away (from the right).

[005:072] They do blaspheme who say: "God is Christ the son of Mary." But said Christ: "O Children of Israel! worship God, my Lord and your Lord." Whoever joins other gods with God,- God will forbid him the garden, and the Fire will be his abode. There will for the wrong-doers be no one to help.

[005:116] And behold! God will say: "O Jesus the son of Mary! Didst thou say unto men, worship me and my mother as gods in derogation of God'?" He will say: "Glory to Thee! never could I say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, thou wouldst indeed have known it. Thou knowest what is in my heart, Thou I know not what is in Thine. For Thou knowest in full all that is hidden.

[006:014] Say: "Shall I take for my protector any other than God, the Maker of the heavens and the earth? And He it is that feedeth but is not fed." Say: "Nay! but I am commanded to be the first of those who bow to God (in Islam), and be not thou of the company of those who join gods with God."

[006:023] There will then be (left) no subterfuge for them but to say: "By God our Lord, we were not those who joined gods with God."

[006:041] "Nay,- On Him would ye call, and if it be His will, He would remove (the distress) which occasioned your call upon Him, and ye would forget (the false gods) which ye join with Him!"

[006:064] Say "It is God that delivereth you from these and all (other) distresses: and yet ye worship false gods!"

[006:074] Lo! Abraham said to his father Azar: "Takest thou idols for gods? For I see thee and thy people in manifest error."

[006:088] This is the guidance of God: He giveth that guidance to whom He pleaseth, of His worshippers. If they were to join other gods with Him, all that they did would be vain for them.

[006:106] Follow what thou art taught by inspiration from thy Lord: there is no god but He: and turn aside from those who join gods with God.

[006:107] If it had been God's plan, they would not have taken false gods: but We made thee not one to watch over their doings, nor art thou set over them to dispose of their affairs.

[006:161] Say: "Verily, my Lord hath guided me to a way that is straight,- a religion of right,- the path (trod) by Abraham the true in Faith, and he (certainly) joined not gods with God."

[007:127] Said the chiefs of Pharaoh's people: "Wilt thou leave Moses and his people, to spread mischief in the land, and to abandon thee and thy gods?" He said: "Their male children will we slay; (only) their females will we save alive; and we have over them (power) irresistible."

[007:138] We took the Children of Israel (with safety) across the sea. They came upon a people devoted entirely to some idols they had. They said: "O Moses! fashion for us a god like unto the gods they have." He said: "Surely ye are a people without knowledge.

[007:173] Or lest ye should say: "Our fathers before us may have taken false gods, but we are (their) descendants after them: wilt Thou then destroy us because of the deeds of men who were futile?"

[009:017] It is not for such as join gods with God, to visit or maintain the mosques of God while they witness against their own souls to infidelity. The works of such bear no fruit: In Fire shall they dwell.

[010:028] One day shall We gather them all together. Then shall We say to those who joined gods (with Us): "To your place! ye and those ye joined as 'partners' We shall separate them, and their "Partners" shall say: "It was not us that ye worshipped!

[011:014] "If then they (your false gods) answer not your (call), know ye that this revelation is sent down (replete) with the knowledge of God, and that there is no god but He! will ye even then submit (to Islam)?"

[011:050] To the 'Ad People (We sent) Hud, one of their own brethren. He said: "O my people! worship God! ye have no other god but Him. (Your other gods) ye do nothing but invent!

[012:108] Say thou: "This is my way: I do invite unto God,- on evidence clear as the seeing with one's eyes,- I and whoever follows me. Glory to God! and never will I join gods with God!"

[014:010] Their apostles said: "Is there a doubt about God, The Creator of the heavens and the earth? It is He Who invites you, in order that He may forgive you your sins and give you respite for a term appointed!" They said: "Ah! ye are no more than human, like ourselves! Ye wish to turn us away from the (gods) our fathers used to worship: then bring us some clear authority."

[015:094] Therefore expound openly what thou art commanded, and turn away from those who join false gods with God.

[016:035] The worshippers of false gods say: "If God had so willed, we should not have worshipped aught but Him - neither we nor our fathers,- nor should we have prescribed prohibitions other than His." So did those who went before them. But what is the mission of apostles but to preach the Clear Message?

[016:051] God has said: "Take not (for worship) two gods: for He is just One God: then fear Me (and Me alone)."

[016:054] Yet, when He removes the distress from you, behold! some of you turn to other gods to join with their Lord-

[016:120] Abraham was indeed a model, devoutly obedient to God, (and) true in Faith, and he joined not gods with God:

[016:123] So We have taught thee the inspired (Message), "Follow the ways of Abraham the True in Faith, and he joined not gods with God."

[017:042] Say: If there had been (other) gods with Him, as they say,- behold, they would certainly have sought out a way to the Lord of the Throne!

[018:015] "These our people have taken for worship gods other than Him: why do they not bring forward an authority clear (and convincing) for what they do? Who doth more wrong than such as invent a falsehood against God?


[019:081] And they have taken (for worship) gods other than God, to give them power and glory!

[021:021] Or have they taken (for worship) gods from the earth who can raise (the dead)?

[021:022] If there were, in the heavens and the earth, other gods besides God, there would have been confusion in both! but glory to God, the Lord of the Throne: (High is He) above what they attribute to Him!

[021:024] Or have they taken for worship (other) gods besides him? Say, "Bring your convincing proof: this is the Message of those with me and the Message of those before me." But most of them know not the Truth, and so turn away.

[021:036] When the Unbelievers see thee, they treat thee not except with ridicule. "Is this," (they say), "the one who talks of your gods?" and they blaspheme at the mention of (God) Most Gracious!

[021:043] Or have they gods that can guard them from Us? They have no power to aid themselves, nor can they be defended from Us.

[021:059] They said, "Who has done this to our gods? He must indeed be some man of impiety!"

[021:062] They said, "Art thou the one that did this with our gods, O Abraham?"

[021:068] They said, "Burn him and protect your gods, If ye do (anything at all)!"

[021:098] Verily ye, (unbelievers), and the (false) gods that ye worship besides God, are (but) fuel for Hell! to it will ye (surely) come!

[021:099] If these had been gods, they would not have got there! but each one will abide therein.

[023:091] No son did God beget, nor is there any god along with Him: (if there were many gods), behold, each god would have taken away what he had created, and some would have lorded it over others! Glory to God! (He is free) from the (sort of) things they attribute to Him!

[025:003] Yet have they taken, besides him, gods that can create nothing but are themselves created; that have no control of hurt or good to themselves; nor can they control death nor life nor resurrection.

[025:042] "He indeed would well-nigh have misled us from our gods, had it not been that we were constant to them!" - Soon will they know, when they see the Penalty, who it is that is most misled in Path!

[026:092] "And it shall be said to them: 'Where are the (gods) ye worshipped-

[027:059] Say: Praise be to God, and Peace on his servants whom He has chosen (for his Message). (Who) is better?- God or the false gods they associate (with Him)?

[028:087] And let nothing keep thee back from the Signs of God after they have been revealed to thee: and invite (men) to thy Lord, and be not of the company of those who join gods with God.

[030:031] Turn ye back in repentance to Him, and fear Him: establish regular prayers, and be not ye among those who join gods with God,-

[034:022] Say: "Call upon other (gods) whom ye fancy, besides God: They have no power,- not the weight of an atom,- in the heavens or on earth: No (sort of) share have they therein, nor is any of them a helper to God.

[036:023] "Shall I take (other) gods besides Him? If (God) Most Gracious should intend some adversity for me, of no use whatever will be their intercession for me, nor can they deliver me.

[036:074] Yet they take (for worship) gods other than God, (hoping) that they might be helped!

[037:036] And say: "What! shall we give up our gods for the sake of a Poet possessed?"

[037:086] "Is it a falsehood- gods other than God- that ye desire?

[037:091] Then did he turn to their gods and said, "will ye not eat (of the offerings before you)?...

[038:005] "Has he made the gods (all) into one God? Truly this is a wonderful thing!"

[038:006] And the leader among them go away (impatiently), (saying), "Walk ye away, and remain constant to your gods! For this is truly a thing designed (against you)!

[039:036] Is not God enough for his Servant? But they try to frighten thee with other (gods) besides Him! for such as God leaves to stray, there can be no guide.

[039:045] When God, the One and Only, is mentioned, the hearts of those who believe not in the Hereafter are filled with disgust and horror; but when (gods) other than He are mentioned, behold, they are filled with joy!

[039:065] But it has already been revealed to thee,- as it was to those before thee,- "If thou wert to join (gods with God), truly fruitless will be thy work (in life), and thou wilt surely be in the ranks of those who lose (all spiritual good)".

[041:006] Say thou: "I am but a man like you: It is revealed to me by Inspiration, that your God is one God: so stand true to Him, and ask for His Forgiveness." And woe to those who join gods with God,-

[043:058] And they say, "Are our gods best, or he?" This they set forth to thee, only by way of disputation: yea, they are a contentious people.

[046:022] They said: "Hast thou come in order to turn us aside from our gods? Then bring upon us the (calamity) with which thou dost threaten us, if thou art telling the truth?"

[046:028] Why then was no help forthcoming to them from those whom they worshipped as gods, besides God, as a means of access (to God)? Nay, they left them in the lurch: but that was their falsehood and their invention.

[071:023] "And they have said (to each other), 'Abandon not your gods: Abandon neither Wadd nor Suwa', neither Yaguth nor Ya'uq, nor Nasr';-

[072:002] 'It gives guidance to the Right, and we have believed therein: we shall not join (in worship) any (gods) with our Lord.

 

 

Kabbalah, Jewish mysticism, paints a pantheistic/panentheistic view of God — which has wide acceptance in Hasidic Judaism, particularly from their founder The Baal Shem Tov — but only as an addition to the Jewish view of a personal god, not in the original pantheistic sense that denies or limits persona to God.

 

Islamic belief:

 

سُوۡرَةُ البَقَرَة
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيم

وَقَالُواْ ڪُونُواْ هُودًا أَوۡ نَصَـٰرَىٰ تَہۡتَدُواْ‌ۗ قُلۡ بَلۡ مِلَّةَ إِبۡرَٲهِـۧمَ حَنِيفً۬ا‌ۖ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ (١٣٥)

 

[002:135] They say: "Become Jews or Christians if ye would be guided (To salvation)." Say thou: "Nay! (I would rather) the Religion of Abraham the True, and he joined not gods with God."

 

اور (یہودی اور عیسائی) کہتے ہیں کہ یہودی یا عیسائی ہو جاؤ تو سیدھے رستے پر لگ جاؤ۔ (اے پیغمبر ان سے) کہہ دو، (نہیں) بلکہ (ہم) دین ابراہیم (اختیار کئے ہوئے ہیں) جو ایک خدا کے ہو رہے تھے اور مشرکوں میں سے نہ تھے (۱۳۵)

 

سُوۡرَةُ الحَشر
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ‌ۖ عَـٰلِمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَـٰدَةِ‌ۖ هُوَ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ (٢٢) هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلۡمَلِكُ ٱلۡقُدُّوسُ ٱلسَّلَـٰمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُ ٱلۡمُهَيۡمِنُ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡجَبَّارُ ٱلۡمُتَڪَبِّرُ‌ۚ سُبۡحَـٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشۡرِڪُونَ (٢٣)

[059:022] God is He, than Whom there is no other god;- Who knows (all things) both secret and open; He, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
[059:023] God is He, than Whom there is no other god;- the Sovereign, the Holy One, the Source of Peace (and Perfection), the Guardian of Faith, the Preserver of Safety, the Exalted in Might, the Irresistible, the Supreme: Glory to God! (High is He) above the partners they attribute to Him.

وہی خدا ہے جس کے سوا کوئی عبادت کے لائق نہیں۔ بادشاہ (حقیقی) پاک ذات (ہر عیب سے) سلامتی امن دینے والا نگہبان غالب زبردست بڑائی والا۔ خدا ان لوگوں کے شریک مقرر کرنے سے پاک ہے (۲۳) وہی خدا (تمام مخلوقات کا) خالق۔ ایجاد واختراع کرنے والا صورتیں بنانے والا اس کے سب اچھے سے اچھے نام ہیں۔ جتنی چیزیں آسمانوں اور زمین میں ہیں سب اس کی تسبیح کرتی ہیں اور وہ غالب حکمت والا ہے (۲۴)

 

 

Many medieval philosophers developed arguments for the existence of God, while attempting to comprehend the precise implications of God's attributes. Reconciling some of those attributes generated important philosophical problems and debates.
For example, God's omniscience implies that God knows how free agents will choose to act. If God does know this, their apparent free will might be illusory, or foreknowledge does not imply predestination; and if God does not know it, God is not omniscient.

 

Islamic belief:

 

سُوۡرَةُ یُونس
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَمَا تَكُونُ فِى شَأۡنٍ۬ وَمَا تَتۡلُواْ مِنۡهُ مِن قُرۡءَانٍ۬ وَلَا تَعۡمَلُونَ مِنۡ عَمَلٍ إِلَّا ڪُنَّا عَلَيۡكُمۡ شُہُودًا إِذۡ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ‌ۚ وَمَا يَعۡزُبُ عَن رَّبِّكَ مِن مِّثۡقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ۬ فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَا فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَلَآ أَصۡغَرَ مِن ذَٲلِكَ وَلَآ أَكۡبَرَ إِلَّا فِى كِتَـٰبٍ۬ مُّبِينٍ (٦١)

 

[010:061] In whatever business thou mayest be, and whatever portion thou mayest be reciting from the Quran,- and whatever deed ye (mankind) may be doing,- We are witnesses thereof when ye are deeply engrossed therein. Nor is hidden from thy Lord (so much as) the weight of an atom on the earth or in heaven. And not the least and not the greatest of these things but are recorded in a clear record.

 

اور تم جس حال میں ہوتے ہو یا قرآن میں کچھ پڑھتے ہو یا تم لوگ کوئی (اور) کام کرتے ہو جب اس میں مصروف ہوتے ہو ہم تمہارے سامنے ہوتے ہیں اور تمہارے پروردگار سے ذرہ برابر بھی کوئی چیز پوشیدہ نہیں ہے نہ زمین میں نہ آسمان میں اور نہ کوئی چیز اس سے چھوٹی ہے یا بڑی مگر کتاب روشن میں (لکھی ہوئی) ہے (۶۱)

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ هُود
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
وَمَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ۬ فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِلَّا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ رِزۡقُهَا وَيَعۡلَمُ مُسۡتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسۡتَوۡدَعَهَا‌ۚ كُلٌّ۬ فِى ڪِتَـٰبٍ۬ مُّبِينٍ۬ (٦)

[011:006] There is no moving creature on earth but its sustenance dependeth on God: He knoweth the time and place of its definite abode and its temporary deposit: All is in a clear Record.

اور زمین پر کوئی چلنے پھرنے والا نہیں مگر اس کا رزق خدا کے ذمے ہے وہ جہاں رہتا ہے، اسے بھی جانتا ہے اور جہاں سونپا جاتا ہے اسے بھی۔ یہ سب کچھ کتاب روشن میں (لکھا ہوا) ہے (۶)

سُوۡرَةُ النَّمل
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَعۡلَمُ مَا تُكِنُّ صُدُورُهُمۡ وَمَا يُعۡلِنُونَ (٧٤)

وَمَا مِنۡ غَآٮِٕبَةٍ۬ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِلَّا فِى كِتَـٰبٍ۬ مُّبِينٍ (٧٥)

 

[027:074] And verily thy Lord knoweth all that their hearts do hide. As well as all that they reveal.

[027:075] Nor is there aught of the unseen, in heaven or earth, but is (recorded) in a clear record.

اور جو باتیں ان کے سینوں میں پوشیدہ ہوتی ہیں اور جو کام وہ ظاہر کرتے ہیں تمہارا پروردگار ان (سب) کو جانتا ہے (۷۴) اور آسمانوں اور زمین میں کوئی پوشیدہ چیز نہیں ہے مگر (وہ) کتاب روشن میں (لکھی ہوئی) ہے (۷۵)

 

Clear Record   ڪِتَـٰبٍ۬ مُّبِينٍ۬is Gods perfect knowledge of all events past or future.

A majority of people question how God can already know events that have not yet been experienced and this leads them to fail to understand the authenticity of destiny. However, "events not yet experienced" are only so for us. God is not bound by time or space, for He Himself has created them. For this reason, past, future, and present are all the same to God; for Him everything has already taken place and finished.
 

Theory of General Relativity leads to this conclusion. According to Barnett, the universe can be "encompassed in its entire majesty only by a cosmic intellect." The will that Barnett calls "the cosmic intellect" is the wisdom and knowledge of God, Who prevails over the entire universe.

 

Theism  holds that God exists realistically, objectively, and independently of human thought; that God created and sustains everything; that God is omnipotent and eternal, and is personal, interested, and answers prayer. It holds that God is both transcendent and immanent; thus, God is simultaneously infinite and in some way present in the affairs of the world.

 

Some Theists ascribe to God a self-conscious or purposeful limiting of omnipotence, omniscience, or benevolence.

 

Open Theism, by contrast, asserts that, due to the nature of time, God's omniscience does not mean the deity can predict the future. "Theism" is sometimes used to refer in general to any belief in a god or gods, i.e., monotheism or polytheism.

 

Catholic Theology holds that God is infinitely simple and is not involuntarily subject to time. Most theists hold that God is omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent, although this belief raises questions about God's responsibility for evil and suffering in the world.

 

Islamic belief:

 

سُوۡرَةُ الفَلَق
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
قُلۡ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ ٱلۡفَلَقِ (١) مِن شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ (٢) وَمِن شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَبَ (٣) وَمِن شَرِّ ٱلنَّفَّـٰثَـٰتِ فِى ٱلۡعُقَدِ (٤) وَمِن شَرِّ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَدَ (٥)

[113:1-5] Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the Daybreak (1) From the evil of that which He created; (2) From the evil of the darkness when it is intense, (3) And from the evil of malignant witchcraft, (4) And from the evil of the envier when he envieth. (5)

کہو کہ میں صبح کے پروردگار کی پناہ مانگتا ہوں (۱) ہر چیز کی بدی سے جو اس نے پیدا کی (۲) اور شب تاریکی کی برائی سے جب اس کااندھیرا چھا جائے (۳) اور گنڈوں پر (پڑھ پڑھ کر) پھونکنے والیوں کی برائی سے (۴) اور حسد کرنے والے کی برائی سے جب حسد کرنے لگے (۵)

 

Deism The form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation. Deism holds that God is wholly transcendent: God exists, but does not intervene in the world beyond what was necessary to create it. In this view, God is not anthropomorphic, and does not literally answer prayers or cause miracles to occur. Common in Deism is a belief that God has no interest in humanity and may not even be aware of humanity.

 

سُوۡرَةُ الزُّمَر
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

 ٱللَّهُ خَـٰلِقُ ڪُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬‌ۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ وَكِيلٌ۬ (٦٢)

لَّهُ ۥ مَقَالِيدُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِـَٔايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ أُوْلَـٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ ٱلۡخَـٰسِرُونَ (٦٣)

[039:062-063] God is the Creator of all things, and He is the Guardian and Disposer of all affairs.

(62) His are the keys of the heavens and the earth, and they who disbelieve the revelations of Allah - such are they who are the losers. (63)

خدا ہی ہر چیز کا پیدا کرنے والا ہے۔ اور وہی ہر چیز کا نگراں ہے (۶۲) اسی کے پاس آسمانوں اور زمین کی کنجیاں ہیں۔ اور جنہوں نے خدا کی آیتوں سے کفر کیا وہی نقصان اُٹھانے والے ہیں (۶۳)

 

 

سُوۡرَةُ الشّوریٰ
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

صِرَٲطِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِى لَهُ ۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۗ أَلَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ تَصِيرُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ (٥٣)

[042:053] The Way of God, to Whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth. Behold (how) all affairs tend towards God!

(یعنی) خدا کا رستہ جو آسمانوں اور زمین کی سب چیزوں کا مالک ہے۔ دیکھو سب کام خدا کی طرف رجوع ہوں گے (اور وہی ان میں فیصلہ کرے گا) (۵۳)

 

سُوۡرَةُ الرَّحمٰن
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

يَسۡـَٔلُهُ ۥ مَن فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۚ كُلَّ يَوۡمٍ هُوَ فِى شَأۡنٍ۬ (٢٩)

[055:029] Of Him seeks (its need) every creature in the heavens and on earth: every day in (new) Splendour doth He (shine)!
آسمان اور زمین میں جتنے لوگ ہیں سب اسی سے مانگتے ہیں۔ وہ ہر روز کام میں مصروف رہتا ہے (۲۹)

 

 

**************************************************

 

Does God Exist? 

http://www.findpk.com/zahid/Creation out of nothing.htm

 

 The Solar System

 

How BIG is the Universe?     

How long has it been in existence? How it has been existed/created?

How large is it?  Is it “infinite” or does it “end” somewhere? 

Does the Life exist other than Planet Earth?

What is beyond its outer boundary?

http://www.findpk.com/zahid/universe.htm

 

End of Times...

Doomsday…is on its way!
 

Science in Quran:

http://www.findpk.com/zahid/Science_in_Quran.htm